Genesis chapter 38 Star Chart: "And it came to pass at that time (when Joseph was "seventeen years old" in 1683 B.C. -- cp. Gen. 29:22), that Judah (age 21) went down from his brethren" (38:1) and found a Canaanite woman. Clockwise from when "she (Coma) conceived, and bare a son; and he called his name Er" (38:3) (270° days pregnancy + 90° day interval) till "she (Coma) conceived again, and bare a son; and she called his name Onan" (38:4) (270° days pregnancy + 90° day interval) till "she yet again conceived, and bare a son; and called his name Shelah" (38:5) (270° days pregnancy + 90° day interval) is three years. Then "Judah took a wife for Er his firstborn, whose name was Tamar" (Virgo) (38:6) (270° months later or 22.5 years later). But "the Lord slew him" (38:7). Then the Lord "slew" Onan also (38:10), perhaps one year later. Then one year after that, when "she saw that Shelah was grown (270° months), and she was not given unto him to wife" (38:14), she impersonated a harlot. Then clockwise from when "Judah saw her (Virgo), (and) he thought her to be an harlot; because she (Canis Major) had covered her face" (38:15) (with solar golden veil) till "about three months after, that it was told Judah, saying, Tamar thy daughter in law hath played the harlot; and also, behold, she is with (lunar half moon) child by whoredom. And Judah said, Bring her forth, and let her be (solar) burnt" (38:24) is 90° days more, in addition to the 3 years + 22.5 years + 2 years that led up to it. This brings us from 1683 B.C. to 1655 B.C. Notice all the red hands in the zodiac: Canis Minor, Pollux, Castor, Virgo and Centaur.

Judah's Royal Line Identified
By Zarah's Red Hand of Ulster

38:1 And it came to pass at that time (when Joseph was "seventeen years old" in 1668 B.C. -- cp. Gen. 29:22) , that Judah (age 21) went down from his brethren, and turned in to a certain Adullamite, whose name was Hirah.

2 And Judah saw there a daughter of a certain Canaanite, whose name was Shuah (Coma); and he (Pollux) took her (Castor), and went in unto her.

3 And she conceived, and bare a son; and he called his name Er. (270° days)

4 And she conceived again, and bare a son; and she called his name Onan. (270° days)

5 And she yet again conceived, and bare a son; and called his name Shelah: and he was at Chezib, when she bare him. (270° days)

6 And Judah took a wife for Er his firstborn, whose name was Tamar (Virgo).

the Targum of Jonathan says, she was the daughter of Shem;

7 And Er, Judah's firstborn, was wicked in the sight of the Lord; and the Lord slew him.

8 And Judah said unto Onan (Pollux), Go in unto thy brother's wife (Castor), and marry her, and raise up seed to thy brother.

9 And Onan knew that the seed should not be his; and it came to pass, when he (Pollux) went in unto his brother's wife (Castor), that he spilled it on the ground, lest that he should give seed to his brother.

10 And the thing which he did displeased the Lord: wherefore he slew him also.

11 Then said Judah to Tamar (Virgo) his daughter in law, Remain a widow at thy father's house, till Shelah (Coma) my son be grown: for he said, Lest peradventure he die also, as his brethren did. And Tamar (Virgo) went and dwelt in her father's (red radius) house.

12 And in process of time the daughter of Shuah Judah's wife died (270°months); and Judah was comforted, and went up unto his (Gemini) sheepshearers to Timnath, he (Pollux) and his friend Hirah (Castor) the Adullamite.

13 And it was told Tamar (Virgo), saying, Behold thy father in law goeth up to Timnath to shear his sheep.

14 And she put her (black Virgo) widow's garments off from her, and covered her with a (solar golden) vail, and wrapped herself, and sat in an open place (Canis Major), which is by the way to Timnath; for she saw that Shelah was grown (270° months), and she was not given unto him to wife.

Tamar apparelled herself in the guise of a religious prostitute (?edêshah, Genesis 38:21), one who dedicated herself to the goddess Astarte, the Babylonian Istar. The veil was one of the symbols of Istar.

15 When Judah saw her, he thought her to be an harlot (Canis Major); because she had covered her face (with solar golden veil).

16 And he turned unto her by the way, and said, Go to, I pray thee, let me come in unto thee; (for he knew not that she was his daughter in law.) And she said, What wilt thou give me, that thou mayest come in unto me?

17 And he said, I will send thee a kid from the flock. And she said, Wilt thou give me a pledge, till thou send it?

18 And he said, What pledge shall I give thee? And she said, Thy (solar golden) signet, and thy (lunar) bracelets, and thy (red radius) staff that is in thine hand. And he gave it her, and came in unto her, and she conceived by him.

The signet ring is frequently worn by Arabs on a cord fastened round the neck. Cf. Song of Solomon 8:6, “set me as a seal upon thine heart.” The signet ring and the staff, which was often carved and highly ornamented, would be the most personal possessions of a Sheikh, and, as pledges, a most certain means of identification. This astute manoeuvre is the turning-point of the whole story.

19 And she arose, and went away, and laid by her (solar golden) vail from her, and put on the (black Virgo) garments of her widowhood.

20 And Judah sent the kid by the hand of his friend the Adullamite (Auriga), to receive his pledge from the woman's (Castor) hand: but he found her not.

21 Then he asked the (Gemini) men of that place, saying, Where is the (Canis Major) harlot, that was openly by the way side? And they said, There was no harlot in this place.

harlot] Heb. ?edêshah, that is, a woman dedicated to impure heathen worship: see Deuteronomy 23:17; Hosea 4:14. The Heb. word denotes “a woman dedicated to the service of some god, or goddess.” Her dedication consisted in the sacrifice of her chastity. This repulsive and strangely degrading custom prevailed generally among Semitic races, and was associated with the impure and immoral rites of the Phoenician, Syrian, and Babylonian worship.

22 And he returned to Judah, and said, I cannot find her; and also the (Gemini) men of the place said, that there was no (Canis Major) harlot in this place.

23 And Judah said, Let her take it to her, lest we be (red radius) shamed: behold, I sent this kid, and thou hast not found her.

24 And it came to pass about three months after (90° days) , that it was told Judah, saying, Tamar (Virgo) thy daughter in law hath played the harlot; and also, behold, she is with child by whoredom. And Judah said, Bring her forth, and let her be (solar golden) burnt.

25 When she was brought forth, she sent to her father in law, saying, By the man, whose these are, am I with (lunar) child: and she said, Discern, I pray thee, whose are these, the (solar golden) signet, and (lunar) bracelets, and (red radius) staff.

26 And Judah acknowledged them, and said, She hath been more righteous than I; because that I gave her not to Shelah my son. And he knew her again no more.

27 And it came to pass in the time of her travail, that, behold, (Gemini) twins were in her (lunar half moon) womb.

28 And it came to pass, when she travailed, that the one (Castor) put out his hand: and the midwife took and bound upon his hand a (red radius) scarlet thread, saying, This came out first.

29 And it came to pass, as he drew back his hand, that, behold, his (Pollux) brother came out: and she said, How hast thou broken forth? this breach be upon thee: therefore his name was called Pharez (Pollux).

30 And afterward came out his brother, that had the (red radius) scarlet thread upon his hand: and his name was called Zarah (Castor).

Zerah means rising sun or scarlet, or from "Chazar", to return:

Zarah's Red Hand of Ulster

Is Jewish Royalty On The British Throne?

JUDAH married a Canaanite girl contrary to God's law (Deut. 7:3). She gave birth to three children: ER, ONAN and SHELAH. ER and ONAN were wicked and God executed them (Gen.38:1-10). It then became the responsibility of SHELAH to marry TAMAR and to name her first-born son after his dead brother ER (Deut. 25:5-6). He did this (1 Ch.4:21) and ER'S descendants migrated to Ireland and named it ERIN or "ERS Land." The ancient Irish language was ERSE -- a combination of Hebrew and Phoenician. Some ERSE "characters closely resemble the lettering on the Moabite Stone (c. 809 B.C.), and those on the Siloam inscriptions (725 B.C.); and are almost identical with the Anglo-Saxon of the Earle MSS.; which race also came from from the stock of Abraham" (J.D. Massey Tamar Tephi). Southern Ireland is known today as EIRE.

Also the name SHELAGH is a popular Irish and Scottish name. Girls are also known as SHELAHS. The Irish are noted for their famous "IRISH LINEN" and this was a distinctive feature of this family. As 1 Chronicles 4:21 says, "The sons of Shelah, the son of Judah, were ER ... the families of the house that wrought FINE LINEN." In Southwest Britain is the TAMARUS River.

JUDAH also got Tamar pregnant with twins. As Genesis 38:27-30 says:

"Now it came to pass, at the time for giving birth, that behold, twins were in her womb. And so it was, when she was giving birth, that the one put out his hand; and the midwife took a scarlet thread and bound it on his hand, saying, “This one came out first.” (RED HAND of Ulster) Then it happened, as he drew back his hand, that his brother came out unexpectedly; and she said, “How did you break through? This breach be upon you!” Therefore his name was called Perez (Breach). Afterward his brother came out who had the scarlet thread on his hand. And his name was called Zerah (Seed)."

They were called Pharez and Zarah. ZARAH had no children when he went down into Egypt with his grandfather Jacob (Gen.46:12). The descendants of ZARAH, both sons and grandsons, are mentioned in 1 Chronicles 2:6-8 and 1 Kings 4:30-31 as "ETHAN the Ezrahite (i.e. Zerahite), and HEMAN, and CHALCOL, and DARDA, the sons of MAHOL" (1 Ki.4:31). But the biblical geneology of ZARAH ends with this third generation indicating the departure of ZARAH'S line from Israel while Israel was in Egypt 400 years (Gen.15:13). Where did they go? In Crete we find Mount IDA and inhabitants called IDAEANS which sound similar to the word JUDAEANS (Tacitus' History 5:2). A YARDANUS River (Jordan) was also in Crete. They became known as the MILESIANS of Istria (Herod. 2:33) after MAHOL. They settled in a seaport called MILETUS in IONIA, in Asia Minor. When the Persians destroyed this city in 494 B.C., many MILESIANS escaped to Ireland and Scotland. One of the islands west of Scotland is called IONA. In Spain CALCOL established "ZARAHGASSA" meaning "The Stronghold of ZARAH" now called "Saragossa in the Ebro Valley. The line of Mileadh, in Irish records, begins with Easru in Egypt which is Old Irish for Azariah (1 Chr. 2:6-8) whose symbol was a red branch -- signifying Zarah (Gen. 38:30). Azariah's descendants didn't enter Palestine but instead went to Scythia. Herodotus traces the Agathirsi to the Scythian plains (Thrace or S. Ukraine) (4:50,76,105,119,125). Odin of Denmark led them to Scotland. The Milesians of Ireland agreed to give wives to the Agathirsi of Scotland on condition that their inheritance passed on from their daughters not their sons. Camden's Historia Britannica states Bush's roots came directly from Henry III (Seattle Times, Dec.'88, A2). "Behold, I will lift up My hand in an oath to the nations (RED HAND of Ulster) And set up My standard for the peoples" (Isaiah 49:22 NKJV).

Cadmus was the great grandson of CHALCOL (1 Ki.4:31; 1 Ch.3:6) who was the great great grandson of Judah. Cadmus and his group entered Greece after the Israelites entered Canaan. COLCHIA, a region in ancient Greece, gets its name from CHALCOL. Some of CHALCOL'S descendants founded the colony of COLCHIS about 1480 B.C. named after CALCOL and the inhabitants practiced circumcision (Diodorus 1:55). The speech and manners of the COLCHIANS were Egyptian (Her. 2:103). We also find the city of CHALCIS in Greece. CALCOL became the founder of the kingly dynasties of Western Europe. The name of COL is familiar to all students and geneologists in Western Europe, particularly in Spain, France, Ireland, and Scotland; indeed, in England also we have old King COL. "The Britons themselves claimed to be descendants of the ancient TROJANS ... The religion of the Britons was identical with that held by all the disciples of the PELAGIANS ... The identity of the British Druids with the HYPERBOREANS of the Greeks is clear and distinct" (J.P. Yeatman, Early English History, pp.116-120).

CALCOL'S brother "DARDA" (KJV margin of 1 Chr.2:6) called "DARDANUS" by Josephus, was the Egyptian founder of TROY (and the Kingdom of Priam) on the southern shore of the strait called "DARDANELLES." Pliny says the "Moesia (W. coast of Black Sea) contains the DARDANI" (3:25:149). He also says that the "savage tribe of the DARDANI" live on the northwest coast of Greece (4:1:3). Strabo says the "DARDANII" live among the Illyrians (7:5:6) (YUGOSLAVIA). In Greek Mythology, "DARDANUS" is a son of Jupiter and Electra and founded the kingdom of TROY. The "TROJANS were called DARDANI and DARDANIDAE" (Lemp. Clas. Dict., p.193).

When the city of TROYwas overthrown in the famous "Siege of TROY," Aeneas, the last of the royal blood, took what was left of his nation and traveled with them into Europe. His son Brutus, on going to Malta, was there advised by an oracle to re-establish his people in "The Great White Island" (BRITAIN so-called because of the white cliffs of Dover). The oracle said, "the whole earth shall be subject" to the race of Brutus (Milton's History of Britain). This advice was recorded in the archaic Greek on the Temple of Diana in Caer TROIA (New TROY), and was later verified by the "pope." The king landed at Torbay. An historic stone still stands in the town of Totnes commemorating his coming. He built a new capital city and named it "Caer TROIA" or New TROY (1100 B.C.), later called TRINOVANTUM. Still later the Romans called it LONDINIUM, now known as LONDON. Brutus-the-Trojan named BRITAIN after himself (Historia Britonum, Nennius 10; also Geoffrey of Monmouth). Caesar's Commentaries tell of a people called TRINOBANTES (Gaul 5:20) living in Middlesex and Hertfordshire which seems to confirm this story. The ancient Annals Of Clonmacnoise state, "The most part of our Irish chronicles agree that the sons of MILETUS came to this land in the beginning of the destruction of Troy" (pp. 27-28). "The Sacred Banner of the MILESIANS was a flag on which was represented a dead serpent and the ROD of MOSES" (p.12, A.M. Sullivan's The Story of Ireland).The letter from Cassibelaun, king of the Britons to Caius Julius Caesar (given in full by Geoffrey of Monmouth) says, " the same vein of NOBILITY flows from AENEAS in the Britons and Romans" (Historia Britonum 4:2). Virgil's Aeneid written from 26 to 19 B.C., tells about Trojans under Aeneas who founded Rome.

The THRONE of BRITAIN is the oldest in Europe and has preserved the same coronation service as far as records go back from Egferth in 785 A.D. That is for 1215 years. Why so long? Because God said to David, "thy THRONE shall be established FOREVER" (2 Sam. 7:16). Genesis 49:10 says, "The SCEPTER shall NOT DEPART from Judah... until Shiloh ("Peace") come." The Messiah is the "Prince of Shiloh" (Peace) (Isa. 9:6) and hasn't come back yet. The British coronation service is identical to the Bible: anointing with oil (1 Ki. 1:34), crown of pure gold (Ps.21:3), sitting on or "at his PILLAR" (stone) (2 Chr.23:13), presented with a Bible (Deut.17:14), given bracelets of St. George (2 Sam. 1:10), the shout, "GOD SAVE THE KING" (1 Sam.10:24) and an oath (2 Chr.23:16). This is another proof the British are the HOUSE of ISRAEL.

After Troy fell, in 1181, the populace in the conquered regions fled from the Greeks to various parts of Europe . One of these groups was led by Aeneas and finally reached Italy . But, there were other groups who left Troy after the First Trojan War. Another group of Trojan refugees was led by Francio the son of the ill-fated Hector, and heir to the line of Samothes in Gaul . They migrated to Pannonia and then on to Western Europe. From these Trojans is descended the house of the Dukes of Brabant (Belgium-Netherlands territory). From this Assyro-Judaic family came Charlemagne, the first emperor of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation. A complete list of these Trojan rulers, from Hector down to Charlemagne, is found in the work by Jhr. C. A. Rethaan Macarz entitled "Oude Kronijk van Brabant", in the "Codex Diplomaticus Neerlandicus," series 2, part 3, published by Het Historisch Genootschap te Utrecht, Utrecht, Holland in 1855.

The chronology starts with 1181 and continues right down the line without complications till Silvius Brabon II, who begins to reign in 732. While the descendants of Hector fled Troy and migrated to France, Bavo led another group into Western Europe. This is the little known story of the royal family that governed the Celts and the Belgians on the Rhine River of Europe. (aka Batavians). The account of this area is preserved to us by Jacques de Guyse in his "Histore de Hainaut," a French translation of his original Latin work of the thirteenth century. (Hainaut is an ancient division of Belgium.) Archaeologists admit that the Belgian people came from the steppes of Eastern Europe. Among the people of Belgium, Holland, Frisia, Luxembourg and Northern France exist elements of Jewish-Trojan origin of the royal houses of Western Europe. The Belgian line commences with Bavo, the son of a sister of Laomedon, king of Troy. Bavo was therefore a cousin of King Priam. Following the fall of Troy a migration into Europe occurred along the Danube. It reached the Rhine by 1179. Bavo, reported Jacques de Guyse, "encountered with pleasure the descendants of the Assyrians who have followed Trebeta, and who had been compatriots of the Trojans and served the same deities" ("Table Generale de l'Histoire de Hainaut," II, page 388).

Scarlet Thread

The LION is the emblem of Jacob's fourth son Judah. Yet this lion is not the only emblem of the descendants of Judah. The scarlet thread on the hand of Zarah is another emblem.

Judah's other sons could not inherit the prophetic promise that from his descendants would come the future Royal Family of the nation of Israel. This was because they were the children of a forbidden union -- their mother was a Canaanite! Therefore, with the older of these two boys destined to be the ancestor of the future Royal Family of Israel, the question of which of them was born first (and therefore the heir) was a matter of very great importance.

In the record of the birth, we find that the hand of Zarah (Zara) appeared first, and that the midwife tied a scarlet thread or cord around his wrist, saying: "This came out first." We then read that the hand was withdrawn, and that the birth of Pharez ensued. Here, indeed, was the seed of family discord. Which boy was the firstborn and, therefore, the heir: Zara with the scarlet cord around his wrist and the pronouncement "This came out first" or Pharez (Perez) whose birth was completed first?

Eventually Pharez was declared the rightful heir, and from him descended the official branch of the Tribe of Judah and the Davidic Royal House.

Now how did Zara and his descendants react to what they, undoubtedly, considered a wrong decision that robbed them of their rightful inheritance?

That they did not accept this ruling and that many of them left the main body of Israel during the time of the bondage in Egypt, becomes very clear when we examine the tribal genealogies as recorded in the Old Testament. These record the main lines of descent from Pharez-Judah for a very long period of time -- but the record of the descendants of Zara-Judah apparently ends with the third generation.

Since these genealogies -- and especially those of the chief families in each tribe -- were kept with great care, any omission would indicate that those omitted were NO LONGER in the land when the record was made. As the genealogy of Zara-Judah apparently ceases with the third generation, it naturally follows that most (if not all) of Zara's descendants must have left the main body during the time of Israel's captivity in Egypt -- and therefore BEFORE the Exodus. With this mind WHERE, then, did they go?

Since they were descendants of Judah their emblem was a lion. It is very unlikely that they would give up this emblem of their identity and descent -- even though bitterly resentful towards the rest of the Tribe of Judah. They therefore kept the lion as their emblem, but added their own variations to it to show that they were entirely separate and distinct from the Tribe of Judah in Israel. In their bitterness they would make the difference as great as possible without actually doing away with the symbol. So, instead of a tawny couchant lion, they depicted theirs as both rampant and red. As a result, the Rampant Red Lion became an emblem of the Zara branch of the Tribe of Judah.

The Red Hand

Returning again to the birth of Judah's twin sons as recorded in Genesis 38, we find that the peculiar circumstances of this birth gave the descendants of Zarah ANOTHER EMBLEM. Note again verse 28 --

And so it was, when she was giving birth, that the one put out his hand; and the midwife took a SCARLET THREAD and bound it on his HAND, saying, "This one came out first."

Here we have an emblem which is ABSOLUTELY UNIQUE, one which could apply to NO ONE ELSE and one to which the historical record draws special and emphatic attention -- a HAND, RED from the blood of birth, circled by a SCARLET THREAD or cord. In this unique way a Red Hand, or a Red Hand circled by a Scarlet Thread or cord, also became an emblem of the Zara branch of the Tribe of Judah.

Pre-Exodus Migrations

As we have already seen, the descendants of Zara-Judah, or most of them, decided to leave their brethren and flee out of Egypt to some new land (or lands) where they could establish independent kingdoms of their own. History and tradition records that they divided into two or more groups which then fled across the Mediterranean Sea from Egypt in different directions.

One of these groups was led by Calcol -- also known as Cecrops -- a great-grandson of Zara. Calcol and his group fled to Greece and founded the city of Athens. Another group, led by Darda or Dardanus, ended up in the Troad and became the ancestors of the Trojans. Not long prior to the Exodus, Gathelus (Miledh), a son of Cecrops or Calcol, returned to Egypt after killing a man. After assisting one of the pharaohs in his fight against the Ethiopians, Gathelus was given the hand of the pharaoh's daughter SCOTA in marriage. After living seven years in Egypt, Gathelus fled the land at the outset of the plagues and traveled westward to a land known today as Spain, where he settled for a number of years. During their time in Spain, Gathelus and his people founded a city which still bears the name of their ancestor Zara -- Zaragossa.

At this point we should realize that these descendants of Zara were racially Hebrews, being descended from Eber (Heber) through Abraham. Wherever they traveled they left this name like a footprint marking their journey to distant lands. Thus the river on the banks of which they founded the city of Zaragossa is still to this day called the Ebro, and to the land itself they gave the name Iberia -- the land of the Hiberi or Hebrews.

After residing for some time in Spain, Gathelus died and his widow Scota, along with her sons, left the land and voyaged northward to the island we now call Ireland. Once again, they took their name with them, calling their new home Hiber-land or Hibernia, and the islands to the north of it, the Hebrides. Then, with Eremon as their king, these descendants of Zara-Judah founded the Kingdom of Ulster shortly after the Exodus, AND FROM THAT TIME UNTIL THE PRESENT, a matter of nearly 3,400 years, the emblem of Ulster has been a Red Hand circled with a Scarlet Cord.

The Red Hand As a Racial Emblem

Not only that, but three of Ulster's six counties (as well as the towns of Bangor and Dungannon) have the Red Hand as a part of their official emblems.

Now it is true, of course, that since the division of Ireland in 1920 the official Arms of Northern Ireland show the Red Hand alone without the Scarlet Cord, but this in no way alters the fact that the ancient and traditional emblem of Ulster was -- and still is -- a Red Hand circled by a Scarlet Cord.

The use of the Red Hand as a racial emblem is not confined to just Ulster -- or even to just Ireland. In Scotland it is found in the Arms of several of the old families and in those of at least fourteen of the Clan Chiefs: Davidson, MacBain, MacDonell, MacIntosh, MacKinnon, MacLean, MacLachlan, MacNeil, MacNaughten, MacPherson, MacGillivray, MacDonald of Sleat, Clanranald, and Shaw of Rothiemurchus. Color variants of the emblem appear in the Arms of several other chiefs.

Therefore, by their use of the Red Hand, some of the people of Scotland also point to their Israelitish origins as descendants of the Zara branch of the Tribe of Judah.

The Declaration of Arbroath

At this point an interesting question arises -- how is it that the Scots who later invaded what is now called Scotland in 501 A.D. also have among their emblems the Red Hand that has been associated with Ulster since around 1350 B.C.?

Not all of the Scots came solely from Ulster. Their own records state that a large number of them came from Scythia, which is the ancient name of the country to the west and north of the Caspian Sea. Thus, in the Register House in Edinburgh, Scotland there is an ancient document called the Declaration of Arbroath, which consists of an official letter sent to the Pope by the Parliament of Scotland in 1320 A.D. and signed by King Robert the Bruce and some thirty of the Scottish nobles, in which it is clearly stated that this branch of the Scots came directly from Scythia after living for a long period of time in Spain. This document states that they moved from Spain to the country now called Scotland "1200 years after the outgoing of the people of Israel."

It could very well be that this branch of the Scots originally came to Spain with Gathelus (who himself came originally from Scythia) and then elected to stay in Spain when Scota and her sons moved into Ireland. They could have then joined their brethren in Scotland many years later after a long stay in Spain.

However, it could be argued that this "outgoing of the people of Israel" refers to the fall of Israel and the deportation of the Ten Tribes to Assyria, rather than the exodus of Israel from Egypt. If this refers to the Exodus -- which occurred somewhere around the year 1487 B.C. -- then this means that the Scots, if they came into what is now Scotland 1,200 years later, must have arrived there around the year 287 B.C. -- whereas Scottish history shows that they did not arrive until approximately 500 A.D.

If the deportation of Israel to Assyria is meant (which was completed in 718 B.C.) then this branch of the Scots arrived in Scotland in 483 A.D. (or a few more years later as indicated in the 1703 translation of the Declaration of Arbroath), which brings us very close to the year 501 A.D. which Scottish history gives as the date the Scots did indeed arrive.

If, then, this branch of the Scots came from Scythia through Spain directly into Scotland, it seems very unlikely that the Red Hand of Scottish heraldry came solely from Ulster. In support of this we should note that the Red Hand, as it appears in Scottish heraldry, is NOT encircled by a Scarlet Cord as was the ancient Ulster emblem.

However, despite this slight difference, it is obvious that the Red hand (sometimes pink) as it appears in Scottish heraldry and the Red Hand of Ulster are the same emblem.

When we consider the fact that this later branch of the Scots claim they came into Scotland from Scythia and that they mention their stay in Spain, but say nothing of a stay in Ulster, it becomes evident that the Red Hand must have been an ANCESTRAL EMBLEM which both branches of the Scots brought with them from some ancient homeland.

Of even GREATER IMPORTANCE is the fact that the Scots dated the arrival of a later branch in Scotland from an event in the history of Israel. This is something they would be very UNLIKELY to do unless they themselves were Israelites. Further, they say they came from Scythia, which is the place to which the Israel people migrated after their departure from Assyria.In view of the origin of the Red Hand emblem recorded in Genesis 38, and in the fact that a Red Hand thereby became one of the emblems of the descendants of Zara-Judah, we have to conclude that the people who brought the Red Hand to Ulster so long ago, and the Scots who later brought it to Scotland -- though coming at different times -- had a COMMON ORIGIN in the Zara branch of the Israelitish Tribe of Judah.

Finally, in consideration of the heraldic significance of the Red Hand, we should note that, as descendants of Zara-Judah, the first settlers in Ulster were also entitled to use the Rampant Red Lion. In the official Arms of Northern Ireland we indeed see that it holds an important place therein. Another point of interest in these Arms is that the Red Hand has as its background a six-pointed star which is reminiscent of the form of the hexagram or Shield of David -- whose significance is another story.

Dardanus

With these things in mind, let us now turn to that other part of Zara's descendants which fled out of Egypt under the leadership of another of Zara's great-grandsons called Darda. In the Authorized Version of the Old Testament this name is spelled Dara, but in the margin the alternate spelling is Darda -- and the Jewish historian Josephus calls him DARDANUS. This is significant because the group which he led went northward across the Mediterranean Sea to the northwest corner of what we now call Asia Minor. There, under the rule of Darda (Dardanus) they established a Kingdom, later called Troy, on the southern shore of that narrow body of water which bears his name to this day -- Dardanelles.Hundreds of years later this Kingdom was destroyed in a war with the Greeks. Some of the survivors fled northward into Europe where their emblem, the Rampant Red Lion, appears in the Arms of some of the nations, provinces and old families in the lands near or bordering the North Sea.

Others fled westward across the Mediterranean to Spain and on to the British Isles where, with some members of other Israelite tribes, they were the first settlers in much of what is now called Scotland. A large group led by Prince Brutus (a direct descendant of Dardanus and Zara) lived in Italy for a while where they founded a royal line before moving on to Britain by way of Spain. They arrived in Britain around the year 1100 B.C.

Although Britain had a considerable population long before the arrival of these Trojans, their coming and the setting up of this transplanted Trojan Kingdom is the ACTUAL BEGINNING of the British nation.

The Rampant Red Lion

From that time until the coming of the Saxons into South Britain (England) 1,600 years later, a RAMPANT RED LION was the emblem of ALL Britain. With the coming of the Saxons its use in England as a national emblem was discontinued, being replaced by the emblems brought in by the Saxons and Normans. Nevertheless, in North Britain (Scotland) it is the chief emblem -- as found in the Scottish Standard.

The fact that the use of the Rampant Red Lion as a clan and family emblem is found in Scotland indicates that many of the Scottish people are descended from Zara-Judah. An examination of the Arms of the Clan Chiefs and other ancient families will show that at least twenty of them contain a Rampant Red Lion. A color variant of this emblem appears in several more: The Earldom of Fife; Abernethy, Lord Saltoun; Dundas; Duff, Farquharson; Guthrie; Hepburn, Earl of Bothwell; Leslie; Lindsay; MacBain; MacIntosh; MacLachlan; Clanranald; Maitland, Earl of Lauderdale; Moncreiffe; MacDonald of Sleat; Shaw of Rothiemurchus; Spens of Lathallan; Stuart, Marquis of Bute; and Wemyss.

It is also important to note that the Rampant Red Lion appears on the Royal Standard and on the shield in the Royal Arms. Further, it was also the ancestral emblem of the Royal Houses of several of the ancient princpalities of Wales -- for instance Bleddyn ap Cynfyn who died in 1075 A.D. A color variant of this emblem appears in the Arms of several of the other ancient Welsh Royal Houses. Even in England it, or a color variant of it, appears in a few municipal Arms and in a much larger number of family Arms.

Important, too, is the fact that the Rampant Red Lion emblem appears in the heraldry of the Netherlands -- either on the shield or as a suppoter -- in the provincial Arms of South Holland, North Holland, Utrecht, Zeeland, Limburgh and Overijssel; and in the municipal Arms of some fifty other places.

In this article we have presented evidence of the ancient usage of the Red Hand as the emblem of Ulster, and its use in much of the rest of Ireland and in Scotland. Also, we noted that the Rampant Red Lion was the emblem of ancient Britain. What the reader may have overlooked, however, is that for at least 1,500 years before the coming of the Saxons into Britain these two emblems of the Zara-Judah branch of the Israelitish Tribe of Judah were the chief emblems of the British Isles -- the RED HAND in Ireland and the RAMPANT RED LION in Britain.